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ANTENNAS
ANTENNA SYSTEM DESIGNER MAIN PAGE |
The Connect802 Antenna System
Designer™
An On-Line
Calculator For Tower Height, Link Budget,
and Wireless Network Design Suitability Analysis |
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To
Begin: Select a Calculation Mode
Based on Which Distance or Height Information You Know
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This calculator is currently off-line for updates.
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- You know the height of the antenna on the roof of a marina, and you know the height of the
antenna on a boat. How far out into the water can the boat be, and still communicate?
- You know the height of an antenna on a tall building and the height of the portable antenna
mast used for temporary outdoor venues or emergency services. What is the best-case range that can be realized
using these two antennas?
- You
have a specific antenna
available for use and you
need to know how far it
will reach.
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This calculator is currently off-line for updates.
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| NOTE: Results may
be subject to arithmetic rounding errors.
This calculator is designed to provide
results with a level of precision that
is sufficient for use in wireless network
design. Calculated values represent the
arbitrary arithmetic results of standard
path loss, Fresnel zone, earth curvature,
and link budget formulas. Measurements
made in the field may vary from those
calculated here since manufacturing tolerances
and measurement accuracy introduce variability.
Attenuation in cable connectors may vary
substantially from theoretical values
if oxidation is present. While every
effort has been made to assure the accuracy
of the calculations, Connect802 makes
no guarantee of the accuracy or suitability
of this information. |
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THE FOLLOWING EXPLANATIONS AND TECHNICAL NOTES
ARE PROVIDED TO HELP YOU MAKE THE BEST USE OF THE
CONNECT802 WIRELESS NETWORK PATH LINK BUDGET
AND ANTENNA CALCULATOR
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| Please
use our FEEDBACK form
to report errors or questionable output |
| Frequency |
Application |
Wavelength (Meters) |
Wavelength (Feet) |
Number of Wavelengths
for 1-foot
Penetration |
| 800 MHz |
Cell Phone Communication |
0.37 |
1.23 |
0.81 |
| 2.4 GHz |
802.11b/g |
0.12 |
0.41 |
2.43 |
| 5.8 GHz |
802.11a and WiMAX |
0.5 |
0.17 |
5.88 |
| 45 GHz |
Point-to-Point Microwave |
0.01 |
0.02 |
50.00 |
BACK TO TOP OF PAGE
dBLoss
= 96.6 + 20 Log10 (distance in miles) + 20
Log10 (frequency in GHz)
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Earth
curvature and the
Visual Line-of-Sight |
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| Diagram Depicting Various Antenna System
Designer Values |
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Cisco |
-85
dBm |
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Orinoco |
-82
dBm |
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Belkin |
-78
dBm |
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SMC |
-89
dBm |
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Compaq |
-82
dBm |
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ZyXEL |
-85
dBm |
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Netgear |
-84
dBm |
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Zcom |
-83
dBm |
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D-Link |
-84
dBm |
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Demarc |
-91
dBm |
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- Surveyors often use K=6/3 and this results
in what is commonly called the "Visual
Line-of-Sight"
Refer to the Refractive
Index discussion (above) to understand
how the curvature of the earth appears greater
than the physical, geometric spherical representation
that might be used to calculate line-of-sight
to the horizon based on a tangent line from
a point at some height above the surface.
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| Connect802's
projects in Malaysia required careful
assessment of Rain Fade for microwave
links through the dense rainforests. |
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| Calculator Pull-Down Option |
Examples of Terrain |
| Generally
flat terrain surface |
Open
parklands (use Foliage Attenuation if the
link must pass through trees), farm land,
water, airports (across the runway environment),
thick jungle-like vegetation (where the
link will pass over the consistent-height
tree tops) |
| Suburban area; buildings
roughly the same height |
Housing
developments, smaller town downtown area
(generally rural communities), apartment
complexes (when the link passes over the
top of the complex), industrial parks (with
similar-height warehouses and offices)
ALSO gently rolling hills |
| Urban area; buildings
of different heights |
City
downtown areas with many different building
heights, large university campus
environments (where the link passes over
the campus) ALSO mountain areas with steep,
undulating topography |
| Ignore terrain roughness |
This
option tells the calculator not to add
any attenuation factor for terrain roughness |
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| 2.4
GHz Yagi Antenna |
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| Grid
Parabolic Antenna |
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| NOTE: Results may
be subject to arithmetic rounding errors.
This calculator is designed to provide
results with a level of precision that
is sufficient for use in wireless network
design. Calculated values represent the
arbitrary arithmetic results of standard
path loss, Fresnel zone, earth curvature,
and link budget formulas. Measurements
made in the field may vary from those
calculated here since manufacturing tolerances
and measurement accuracy introduce variability.
Attenuation in cable connectors may vary
substantially from theoretical values
if oxidation is present. While every
effort has been made to assure the accuracy
of the calculations, Connect802 makes
no guarantee of the accuracy or suitability
of this information. |
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